ser
Practice-readyto be (permanent)
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One of the two Spanish verbs for 'to be.' Ser expresses permanent qualities, identity, origin, and essential characteristics (e.g., Soy médico; La mesa es de madera). Every form is irregular—learn ...
Conjugation
View endings (Guide)Modo
Indicativo
Indicative
Tiempo
Presente
Present Indicative
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Indicativo — Indicative
Subjuntivo — Subjunctive
Imperativo — Imperative
More tenses are rolling out over time. · Full tables for some supported tenses are visible with Pro.
Formas impersonales
These are the non‑finite verb forms used in combinations and constructions.
- Infinitivo — ser
- Infinitivo compuesto — haber sido
- Gerundio — siendo
- Gerundio compuesto — habiendo sido
- Participio — sido
Recommended next Try Present Subjunctive →
Key forms
yo
soy
tú
eres
él/ella
es
Use the present perfect for past actions that have a connection to the present or recent past.
Key forms
yo
he sido
tú
has sido
él/ella
ha sido
Use the preterite to describe completed past actions with a clear beginning or end.
Key forms
yo
fui
tú
fuiste
él/ella
fue
Use the imperfect to describe ongoing, habitual, or background actions in the past.
Key forms
yo
era
tú
eras
él/ella
era
Use the pluperfect (pluscuamperfecto) for past actions completed before another past action.
Key forms
yo
había sido
tú
habías sido
él/ella
había sido
Use for past-before-past; mainly literary.
Key forms
yo
hube sido
tú
hubiste sido
él/ella
hubo sido
Use the future to express actions that will happen, predictions, or probability.
Key forms
yo
seré
tú
serás
él/ella
será
Use the conditional for hypothetical situations, polite requests, or future in the past.
Key forms
yo
sería
tú
serías
él/ella
sería
Use the future perfect for actions that will have been completed by a future time.
Key forms
yo
habré sido
tú
habrás sido
él/ella
habrá sido
Use the conditional perfect for hypothetical past actions or actions that would have been completed.
Key forms
yo
habría sido
tú
habrías sido
él/ella
habría sido
Use the present subjunctive for wishes, doubts, emotions, and after certain conjunctions.
Key forms
yo
sea
tú
seas
él/ella
sea
Use for past actions with present relevance in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
haya sido
tú
hayas sido
él/ella
haya sido
Use for hypothetical or reported past (e.g. Si viviera…).
Key forms
yo
fuera
tú
fueras
él/ella
fuera
Use for past-before-past in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
hubiera sido (hubiese sido)
tú
hubieras sido (hubieses sido)
él/ella
hubiera sido (hubiese sido)
Rare; legal/formal style.
Key forms
yo
fuere
tú
fueres
él/ella
fuere
Rare; future perfect in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
hubiere sido
tú
hubieres sido
él/ella
hubiere sido
Affirmative imperative only. Negative imperative is available as a separate tense.
Key forms
yo
—
tú
sé
él/ella
sea
Negative commands: use No + form (e.g. No hables.).
Key forms
yo
—
tú
seas
él/ella
sea
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