sacar
M072 OrthographicSacar — orthographic c→qu before e (to take out / remove)
c→qu before e
179
verbs
Difficulty
Summary
SACAR is an orthographic model: verbs ending in -car, -gar, and -zar change spelling before -e to keep the same sound (c→qu, g→gu, z→c). The stem does not change; only the spelling in certain forms.
Technical explanation
Orthographic changes before -e (and -é):
- c→qu before e: saque, saqué (to keep the /k/ sound).
- g→gu before e: pague, pagué (to keep the /g/ sound).
- z→c before e: organice, organicé (to keep the /θ/ sound).
Where it applies: present subjunctive (all persons), negative imperative (all), preterite yo (saqué, pagué, organicé), and in affirmative imperative only usted/nosotros/ustedes (saque, saquemos, saquen).
Where it does not apply: most other tenses; tú and vosotros affirmative imperative stay regular (saca, sacad).
Examples
- sacar: Saqué la basura (I took out the trash). Espero que saque buena nota. No saques eso.
- pagar: Pagué la cuenta. Que paguemos nosotros. No paguéis aún.
- organizar: Organicé la fiesta. Que organicen ellos. No organicen sin avisar.
Present Indicative
yo
saco
tú
sacas
él/ella
saca
Pattern cheat sheet
Most-used tenses for this model, with an optional comparison against the regular pattern.
Indicativo — Indicative
Presente
Present Indicative
This model
yo
acerco
tú
acercas
él/ella
acerca
Regular anchor
yo
hablo
tú
hablas
él/ella
habla
Pretérito perfecto simple
Preterite Indicative
This model
yo
acerqué
tú
acercaste
él/ella
acercó
Regular anchor
yo
hablé
tú
hablaste
él/ella
habló
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect Indicative
This model
yo
acercaba
tú
acercabas
él/ella
acercaba
Regular anchor
yo
hablaba
tú
hablabas
él/ella
hablaba
Futuro simple
Future Indicative
This model
yo
acercaré
tú
acercarás
él/ella
acercará
Regular anchor
yo
hablaré
tú
hablarás
él/ella
hablará
Condicional simple
Conditional
This model
yo
acercaría
tú
acercarías
él/ella
acercaría
Regular anchor
yo
hablaría
tú
hablarías
él/ella
hablaría
Subjuntivo — Subjunctive
Presente de subjuntivo
Present Subjunctive
This model
yo
acerque
tú
acerques
él/ella
acerque
Regular anchor
yo
hable
tú
hables
él/ella
hable
Imperativo — Imperative
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative
This model
yo
—
tú
acerca
él/ella
acerque
Regular anchor
yo
—
tú
habla
él/ella
hable
Imperativo negativo
Negative Imperative
This model
yo
—
tú
acerques
él/ella
acerque
Regular anchor
yo
—
tú
hables
él/ella
hable
Tense availability
Supported for this model (informational). Open a verb page to view full conjugation tables by tense.
Supported
More tenses are rolling out over time.
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