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estar

M003 Irregular

Estar — to be (state/location)

Accented stems

1

verbs

Difficulty

Resumen

ESTAR se usa para estados temporales, ubicación y condiciones: cómo está alguien o algo en un momento dado.

Contraste rápido: ser = identidad o definición; estar = estado o situación (temporal). No son intercambiables.

Frases muy frecuentes: estar bien/mal, estar listo, estar en + lugar, estar + gerundio (perífrasis progresiva).
Uso con participio: estar + participio indica estado resultante (ej. La puerta está cerrada).

ESTAR is used for temporary states, location, and conditions: how someone or something is at a given moment.

Quick contrast: ser = identity or definition; estar = state or situation (temporary). They are not interchangeable.

Common phrases: estar bien/mal, estar listo, estar en + place, estar + gerund (progressive).
With participle: estar + participle indicates resulting state (e.g. La puerta está cerrada).

Usos principales (con ejemplos)

  • Estoy en casa.
  • Madrid está en España.
  • Estábamos cansados.
  • Estuve enfermo ayer.
  • Estaré allí mañana.
  • Si estuviera en Madrid…
  • ¡Está quieto!
  • No estés triste.

Present Indicative

yo

estoy

estás

él/ella

está

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Pattern cheat sheet

Most-used tenses for this model, with an optional comparison against the regular pattern.

Indicativo — Indicative

Presente

Present Indicative

✓ Available

yo

estoy

estás

él/ella

está

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Pretérito perfecto simple

Preterite Indicative

✓ Available

yo

estuve

estuviste

él/ella

estuvo

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Pretérito imperfecto

Imperfect Indicative

✓ Available

yo

estaba

estabas

él/ella

estaba

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Futuro simple

Future Indicative

✓ Available

yo

estaré

estarás

él/ella

estará

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Condicional simple

Conditional

✓ Available

yo

estaría

estarías

él/ella

estaría

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Subjuntivo — Subjunctive

Presente de subjuntivo

Present Subjunctive

✓ Available

yo

esté

estés

él/ella

esté

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Imperativo — Imperative

Imperativo afirmativo

Imperative

✓ Available

yo

está

él/ella

esté

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Imperativo negativo

Negative Imperative

✓ Available

yo

estés

él/ella

esté

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Tense availability

Supported for this model (informational). Open a verb page to view full conjugation tables by tense.

Supported

Present Indicative Present Perfect Indicative Preterite Indicative Imperfect Indicative Pluperfect Indicative Preterite Anterior Future Indicative Conditional Future Perfect Indicative Conditional Perfect Present Subjunctive Present Perfect Subjunctive Imperfect Subjunctive Pluperfect Subjunctive Future Subjunctive Future Perfect Subjunctive Imperative Negative Imperative

More tenses are rolling out over time.

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What this model teaches

Ser vs estar States Location

Verbs following this model

1 verb

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