sostener
Practice-readyto sustain
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Tener means 'to have' or 'to hold.' The stem changes e→ie in stressed forms (tienes, tiene, tienen), and the yo form adds -g- (tengo). Compounds like mantener and contener follow the same pattern.
Conjugation
View endings (Guide)Modo
Subjuntivo
Subjuntivo
Tiempo
Presente de subjuntivo
Presente de subjuntivo
Click a tense to switch
Indicativo — Indicativo
Subjuntivo — Subjuntivo
Imperativo — Imperativo
More tenses are rolling out over time. · Full tables for some supported tenses are visible with Pro.
Formas impersonales
These are the non‑finite verb forms used in combinations and constructions.
- Infinitivo — sostener
- Infinitivo compuesto — haber sostenido
- Gerundio — sosteniendo
- Gerundio compuesto — habiendo sostenido
- Participio — sostenido
Key forms
yo
sostengo
tú
sostienes
él/ella
sostiene
Use the present perfect for past actions that have a connection to the present or recent past.
Key forms
yo
he sostenido
tú
has sostenido
él/ella
ha sostenido
Use the preterite to describe completed past actions with a clear beginning or end.
Key forms
yo
sostuve
tú
sostuviste
él/ella
sostuvo
Use the imperfect to describe ongoing, habitual, or background actions in the past.
Key forms
yo
sostenía
tú
sostenías
él/ella
sostenía
Use the pluperfect (pluscuamperfecto) for past actions completed before another past action.
Key forms
yo
había sostenido
tú
habías sostenido
él/ella
había sostenido
Use for past-before-past; mainly literary.
Key forms
yo
hube sostenido
tú
hubiste sostenido
él/ella
hubo sostenido
Use the future to express actions that will happen, predictions, or probability.
Key forms
yo
sostendré
tú
sostendrás
él/ella
sostendrá
Use the conditional for hypothetical situations, polite requests, or future in the past.
Key forms
yo
sostendría
tú
sostendrías
él/ella
sostendría
Use the future perfect for actions that will have been completed by a future time.
Key forms
yo
habré sostenido
tú
habrás sostenido
él/ella
habrá sostenido
Use the conditional perfect for hypothetical past actions or actions that would have been completed.
Key forms
yo
habría sostenido
tú
habrías sostenido
él/ella
habría sostenido
Use the present subjunctive for wishes, doubts, emotions, and after certain conjunctions.
Key forms
yo
sostenga
tú
sostengas
él/ella
sostenga
Use for past actions with present relevance in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
haya sostenido
tú
hayas sostenido
él/ella
haya sostenido
Use for hypothetical or reported past (e.g. Si viviera…).
Key forms
yo
sostuviera (sostuviese)
tú
sostuvieras (sostuvieses)
él/ella
sostuviera (sostuviese)
Use for past-before-past in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
hubiera sostenido (hubiese sostenido)
tú
hubieras sostenido (hubieses sostenido)
él/ella
hubiera sostenido (hubiese sostenido)
Rare; legal/formal style.
Key forms
yo
sostuviere
tú
sostuvieres
él/ella
sostuviere
Rare; future perfect in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
hubiere sostenido
tú
hubieres sostenido
él/ella
hubiere sostenido
Affirmative imperative only. Negative imperative is available as a separate tense.
Key forms
yo
—
tú
sostén
él/ella
sostenga
Negative commands: use No + form (e.g. No hables.).
Key forms
yo
—
tú
sostengas
él/ella
sostenga
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