saber
Practice-readyto know (facts)
Follows model
Saber means 'to know' (facts, information). Yo form: sé (irregular). Preterite: supe, supiste, supo (to find out). Subjunctive: sepa; future: sabré. Don't confuse with conocer (to know people/places).
Conjugation
View endings (Guide)Modo
Subjuntivo
Subjuntivo
Tiempo
Presente de subjuntivo
Presente de subjuntivo
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Indicativo — Indicativo
Subjuntivo — Subjuntivo
Imperativo — Imperativo
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Formas impersonales
These are the non‑finite verb forms used in combinations and constructions.
- Infinitivo — saber
- Infinitivo compuesto — haber sabido
- Gerundio — sabiendo
- Gerundio compuesto — habiendo sabido
- Participio — sabido
Key forms
yo
sé
tú
sabes
él/ella
sabe
Use the present perfect for past actions that have a connection to the present or recent past.
Key forms
yo
he sabido
tú
has sabido
él/ella
ha sabido
Use the preterite to describe completed past actions with a clear beginning or end.
Key forms
yo
supe
tú
supiste
él/ella
supo
Use the imperfect to describe ongoing, habitual, or background actions in the past.
Key forms
yo
sabía
tú
sabías
él/ella
sabía
Use the pluperfect (pluscuamperfecto) for past actions completed before another past action.
Key forms
yo
había sabido
tú
habías sabido
él/ella
había sabido
Use for past-before-past; mainly literary.
Key forms
yo
hube sabido
tú
hubiste sabido
él/ella
hubo sabido
Use the future to express actions that will happen, predictions, or probability.
Key forms
yo
sabré
tú
sabrás
él/ella
sabrá
Use the conditional for hypothetical situations, polite requests, or future in the past.
Key forms
yo
sabría
tú
sabrías
él/ella
sabría
Use the future perfect for actions that will have been completed by a future time.
Key forms
yo
habré sabido
tú
habrás sabido
él/ella
habrá sabido
Use the conditional perfect for hypothetical past actions or actions that would have been completed.
Key forms
yo
habría sabido
tú
habrías sabido
él/ella
habría sabido
Use the present subjunctive for wishes, doubts, emotions, and after certain conjunctions.
Key forms
yo
sepa
tú
sepas
él/ella
sepa
Use for past actions with present relevance in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
haya sabido
tú
hayas sabido
él/ella
haya sabido
Use for hypothetical or reported past (e.g. Si viviera…).
Key forms
yo
supiera (supiese)
tú
supieras (supieses)
él/ella
supiera (supiese)
Use for past-before-past in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
hubiera sabido (hubiese sabido)
tú
hubieras sabido (hubieses sabido)
él/ella
hubiera sabido (hubiese sabido)
Rare; legal/formal style.
Key forms
yo
supiere
tú
supieres
él/ella
supiere
Rare; future perfect in subjunctive contexts.
Key forms
yo
hubiere sabido
tú
hubieres sabido
él/ella
hubiere sabido
Affirmative imperative only. Negative imperative is available as a separate tense.
Key forms
yo
—
tú
sabe
él/ella
sepa
Negative commands: use No + form (e.g. No hables.).
Key forms
yo
—
tú
sepas
él/ella
sepa
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